中华保健医学杂志

目的 探讨阶梯式放松训练联合胃肠保健操对老年功能性消化不良(functional dyspepsia, FD)患者胃肠功能、负性情绪及睡眠质量的影响。方法 前瞻性纳入2024年3月～2025年3月新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院接收的80例老年FD患者。随机数字表法分为对照组(40例)及观察组(40例)。两组患者均接受常规治疗和胃肠保健操干预，观察组在此基础上增加阶梯式放松训练。对两组患者的总有效率、症状积分表、焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale, SAS)、抑郁自评量表(self-rating depression scale, SDS)、生活质量指数量表(quality of life index, QL-Index)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(pittsburgh sleep quality index, PSQI)及不良反应情况进行对比。结果 观察组的总有效率(90.00%)高于对照组(72.5%),差异有统计学意义(χ²=4.021,P<0.05)。干预前，两组的症状积分表、SAS、SDS、QL-Index、PSQI差异无统计学意义(均P> 0.05);干预后，两组的症状积分表、SAS、SDS、PSQI均下降，且观察组低于对照组，QL-Index均提高，且观察组高于对照组，差异有统计学意义(t=7.861,13.015、12.201、10.815、8.735,均P<0.05)。两组不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。结论 阶梯式放松训练联合胃肠保健操可有效提升老年FD患者的临床疗效，还可同步降低焦虑抑郁水平，优化睡眠质量及生活质量，且安全性良好，具有临床应用价值。

Objective To investigate the effects of progressive relaxation training combined with gastrointestinal exercise on gastrointestinal function, negative emotions, and sleep quality in elderly patients with functional dyspepsia(FD). Methods Eighty elderly FD patients admitted to our hospital from March 2024 to March 2025 were enrolled and randomly divided into a control group(n=40)and an observation group(n=40). Both groups received conventional treatment and gastrointestinal exercise intervention, while the observation group additionally underwent progressive relaxation training. Therapeutic efficacy, symptom scores, self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),self-rating depression scale(SDS),quality of life index(QL-Index),pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI),and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results The total effective rate was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group(χ²=4.021,P < 0.05). Before treatmen, no significant differences were observed in symptom scores, SAS,SDS,QL-Index, or PSQI between the two groups(all P > 0.05). After treatment, symptom scores, SAS,SDS,and PSQI decreased in both groups, with lower values in the observation group(t=7.861,13.015、12.201、10.815、8.735,all P < 0.05),while QL-Index improved, with higher scores in the observation group(P < 0.05). No significant difference in adverse reaction rates was found between the groups(P > 0.05). Conclusion Progressive relaxation training combined with gastrointestinal exercise effectively enhances clinical efficacy, reduces anxiety and depression, improves sleep quality and quality of life, and demonstrates good safety in elderly FD patients, suggesting significant clinical applicability.